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Zalman Kravitz
gospels
Chapter 22f - Isaiah 53:2
Continued from Chapter 22e 53:2: “[H]e grew up … a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry land … no form nor comeliness … nor appearance that we should delight in him.” The futile search for Jesus in Isaiah 53:2 The early years: * Was Jesus’ apparently humble
gospels
Chapter 22g - Isaiah 53:3
Continued from Chapter 22f 53:3: “He was despised, and rejected of men … and as one from whom men hide their face: he was despised, and we esteemed him not.” Comparing the description of the servant with that of Jesus. Rejection of the servant contrasts greatly with the Gospel accounts
jesus
Chapter 22h - Synoptic Gospels
Continued from Chapter 22g Was Jesus abandoned by everyone in his last hours? The Synoptic Gospels maintain that at the crucifixion “many women were there looking on from a distance” who were supporters of Jesus (Matthew 27:55; see also Mark 15:40, Luke 23:49). Luke adds that besides
cures
Chapter 22i - Christian theological needs
Continued from Chapter 22h Christian theological needs The argument that Jesus died without any significant following is an argument necessitated by the theological need to have Jesus’ life conform to the Christian concept of the suffering servant. But the Gospels argue that Jesus had a significant following among the wellborn
jerusalem
Chapter 22j - Nations of the World
Continued from Chapter 22i 53:5: “But he [Israel] was wounded as a result of our [the nations of the world] transgressions, he was crushed as a result of our iniquities.” Christian renderings of the Hebrew text attempt to convey the message that the servant vicariously took upon himself the
crucifixion
Chapter 22k - Scourging Mystery
Continued from Chapter 22j 53:5: “The chastisement of our [the nations] welfare was upon him [Israel], and with his wounds we were healed.” The scourging mystery “[W]ith his wounds we were healed.” Christians claim this refers to Jesus receiving “stripes,” that is, being scourged prior to his crucifixion.
bear his cross
Chapter 22L - Scourging of Jesus
Continued from Chapter 22k The rest of the story John’s claim that Jesus was “scourged” during the trial before Pilate (John 19:1) leaves open the extent of injury incurred by Jesus at the hands of the Romans. Generally, the normal Roman thoroughness, when it came to torture, would
blood loss
Chapter 22m - Death by blood loss?
Continued from Chapter 22L Not by blood loss Presuming Jesus was nailed to the cross, did blood oozing from the nail wounds cause his death? The Roman method of execution by crucifixion was designed as a punishment to be prolonged in order to serve as a lesson to both the
atonement
Chapter 22n - blood atonement for sin
Continued from Chapter 22m Where is the Christian’s blood atonement for sin? Hebrews 9:22 states that without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins. It does not say: “Without a broken heart, there is no forgiveness of sins.” If Jesus died in any way other
animal sacrifice
Chapter 22o - Isaiah 53:6
Continued from Chapter 22n 53:6: “the Lord has visited upon him the iniquity of us all” The pre-Gospel church and its developing christology The pre-Gospel church developed its christology by utilizing biblical passages. The phrase “the Lord has visited upon him the iniquity of us all” found
gentile
CHapter 22p - Isaiah 53:7
Continued from Chapter 22o Isaiah 53:7: “as a sheep that before her shearers is dumb; and opened not his mouth” The silence that was a bit too loud Was Jesus humble and silent when he stood before the Jewish officials and then Pilate? In these encounters, Jesus did not